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| Author | Maria Said Pullicino |
| Abstract | Anatomically the knee joint is of the synovial hinge type. It is a very complex joint, which includes the presence of four bones - femur, tibia, fibula and patella, four ligaments - medial and lateral collateral ligaments and the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments - to aid in stabilization. Other structures such as articular cartilage and meniscal cartilage are present. The knee joint is the most frequently injured joint especially in sports injuries. Due to this reason it is essential to have an imaging protocol to which radiographers may refer to in order to obtain the best diagnosis for the particular pathology. Injury may be of various kinds, ranging from fracture of any part of a bone, ligament sprain or tear, cartilage tears and a number of pathological conditions such as Osteochondritis Dissecans. The main objective of the study was to produce the protocol for imaging procedure and it was carried out by a thorough literature review, where a great amount of information was brought together. The most common projections carried out in order to image the knee joint are the AP, AP oblique and lateral. However additional projections such as AP (or PA) weight-bearing bilateral, AP or PA-axial and PA, lateral and skyline for the patella in particular are carried out. The decision of which projection to take depends on the pathology being queried. Radiographers should refer to this protocol and thus learn how to adapt their imaging skills in the right manner in order to produce images of best diagnostic information, while still allowing for patient stability and comfort. |
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| Key words | Radiography, Thesis, Knee Injury |