CS101 Human Communication
Lecture 6
Nonverbal Communication
Unit Goals
Understand How Nonverbal Communication Works and the Forms it Takes
Understand How You Can Use Nonverbal Channels to Communicate More Effectively
Defined
Communication Without Words
Communication Using Gestures, Facial Expressions, Eye Contact, Etc.
NV Messages May Convey Specific Messages or Metacommunicate
Communicating Meaning
Nonverbal Messages Help Us Discover
Nonverbal Messages Help Us Establish and Maintain Relationships
Metacommunicate
Nonverbal Cues Coexist with Verbal Cues
Nonverbal Messages Communicate about Verbal Messages
Nonverbal Messages Accent Verbal Messages
Metacommunicate
Nonverbal Cues Complement
Nonverbal Cues Contradict
Nonverbal Cues Regulate
Nonverbal Cues Repeat
Nonverbal Cues Substitute For
The Body - Body Movement
Emblems
Illustrators
Affect Displays
Regulators
Adaptors
The Body - Body Appearance
Height and Weight
Race
General Attractiveness
Facial Communication
Communicates Emotion
Primary Affect Displays
Affect Blends
Facial Management Techniques
Intensifying
Deintensifying
Neutralizing
Masking
Eye Communication
Gaze
Duration of Eye Contact
Direction of Eye Contact
Wideness or Narrowness of Eyes
Functions of Eye Contact
Seeking Feedback
Opening Communication
Signaling Nature of Relationship
Lessening Physical Distance
Functions of Eye Avoidance
Help Others Maintain Privacy
Signal Lack of Interest
Block Unpleasant Stimuli
Enhance Other Senses
Eye Communication - Pupil Dilation
Dilated Pupils More Attractive
Pupil Size Reveals Level of Emotional Arousal
Space Communication - Proxemics
Spatial Distances
•Intimate 0 - 18 in.
•Personal 18 in.- 4 feet
•Social 4 feet - 12 feet
•Public 12 feet - 25+ feet
Influences on Space Communication
Status
Culture
Subject Matter
Gender
Age
Territoriality
Primary Territories
Secondary Territories
Public Territories
Territorial Markers
•Central Markers
•Boundary Markers
•Earmarkers
Artifactual Communication
Color
Clothing and Body Adornment
Space Decoration
Touch Communication
Meanings
•Positive Feelings
•Intention to Play
•Control Behavior
•Greeting and Departure
•Task-Related
Touch Avoidance
Paralanguage
Qualities
•Pitch
•Rate
Volume
Judgments about People
Judgments about Communication Effectiveness
Silence
Time to Think
Weapon to Hurt
Response to Anxiety
Prevent Communication
Communicate Emotional Response
Time
Chronemics
Emphasis on Past, Present, or Future
Cultural Time Perspectives
Smell
Attraction Messages
Taste Messages
Memory Messages
Identification Messages
Culture and Nonverbal Communication
Differences in Affect Displays
Differences in Gesturing
Different Meanings for Color
Differences in Touching
Differences in Perceptions of Time