publications

Publications with the keyword: referring expressions

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2019
[54]
Conceptualisation in reference production: Probabilistic modelling and experimental testing (; ; ; and ), Psychological Review, volume 126, .
@article{psychrev2019,
	Title = {Conceptualisation in reference production: Probabilistic modelling and experimental testing},
	Author = {van Gompel, RPG and van Deemter, K and Gatt, A and Snoeren, R and Krahmer, E},
	Journal = {Psychological Review},
	Year = {2019},
	Volume={126},
	Number={3},
	Pages={345-373},
	DOI={http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/rev0000138},
	eprinttype={psyarxiv},
	eprint={https://psyarxiv.com/7awx5},
	Url = {https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2019-15977-001},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, psycholinguistics, cognitive modelling, natural language generation, language production}}
[doi] [psyarxiv]
[53]
Fuzzy-Based Language Grounding of Geographical References: From Writers to Readers (; ; ; and ), International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, volume 12, .
@article{ijcis2019,
	Title = {Fuzzy-Based Language Grounding of Geographical References: From Writers to Readers},
	Author = {Ramos-Soto, A, and Alonso, JM and Reiter, E and Van Deemter, K and Gatt, A},
	Year = {2019},
	Journal = {International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems},
	Volume={12},
	Issue = {2},
	Pages = {970-983},
	Url = {https://www.atlantis-press.com/journals/ijcis/125917291},
	Doi = {10.2991/ijcis.d.190826.002},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, natural language generation, fuzzy sets},
	}
[doi]
2018
[52]
Meteorologists and Students: A resource for language grounding of geographical descriptors (; ; ; and ), In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Natural Language Generation (INLG'18), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{ramos-soto2018,
	Author = {Ramos-Soto, A and Reiter, E and {van Deemter}, K and Alonso, J and Gatt, A},
	Title = {Meteorologists and Students: A resource for language grounding of geographical descriptors},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Natural Language Generation (INLG'18)},
	Pages = {421-425},
	Url = {http://aclweb.org/anthology/W18-6551},
	Year = {2018},
	Address = {TIlburg, The Netherlands},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	eprinttype={arxiv},
	eprint={https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.02494},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, fuzzy sets}}
[arxiv]
[51]
Specificity measures and reference (; ; and ), In Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Natural Language Generation (INLG'18), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{inlg2018specificity,
	Author = {Gatt, A and Mar{\'\i}n, N and Rivas-Gervilla, G and S\'{a}nchez, D},
	Title = {Specificity measures and reference},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Natural Language Generation (INLG'18)},
	Pages = {492–502},
	Url = {http://aclweb.org/anthology/W18-6562},
	Year = {2018},
	Address = {Tilburg, The Netherlands},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	eprinttype={arxiv},
	eprint={https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.00333},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, fuzzy sets}}
[arxiv]
[50]
Definiteness agreement and the pragmatics of reference in the Maltese NP (), STUF - Language Typology and Universals, volume 71, .
@article{gatt2017defagr,
	Author = {Gatt, A},
	Journal = {STUF - Language Typology and Universals},
	Title = {Definiteness agreement and the pragmatics of reference in the Maltese NP},
	Eprint = {./pubs/defagr-2017.pdf},	
	Eprinttype = {pre-print},
	Year = {2018},
	Volume = {71},
	Issue = {2},
	Pages = {175-198},
	Doi = {10.1515/stuf-2018-0009},
	Url = {https://www.degruyter.com/view/j/stuf.2018.71.issue-2/stuf-2018-0009/stuf-2018-0009.xml?format=INT},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, psycholinguistics, definiteness, maltese}}
[doi] [pre-print]
2017
[49]
Reference Production as Search: The Impact of Domain Size on the Production of Distinguishing Descriptions (; ; and ), Cognitive science, volume 41, .
@article{gatt2016reference,
	Author = {Gatt, A and Krahmer, E and van Deemter, K and van Gompel, RPG},
	Journal = {Cognitive science},
	Title = {Reference Production as Search: The Impact of Domain Size on the Production of Distinguishing Descriptions},
	Url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cogs.12375/abstract},
	eprinttype = {preprint},
	eprint = {./pubs/cognitive-science_distractor-set-size.pdf},
	Volume = {41},
	Number={S6},
	Doi = {10.1111/cogs.12375},
	Pages = {1457--1492},
	Year = {2017},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, language production, psycholinguistics, cognitive modelling, referring expressions, overspecification, vision and language}}
[doi] [preprint]
[48]
An Empirical Approach for Modeling Fuzzy Geographical Descriptors (; ; ; and ), In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems, IEEE, .
@inproceedings{fuzieee2017,
	Address = {Naples, Italy},
	Author = {Ramos-Soto, A and Alonso, JM and Reiter, R and van Deemter, K and Gatt, A},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems},
	Publisher = {IEEE},
	Title = {An Empirical Approach for Modeling Fuzzy Geographical Descriptors},
	Eprint = {https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.10429},
	Eprinttype = {arxiv},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/fuzzieee2017-geo.pdf},
	Year = {2017},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, natural language generation, fuzzy sets}}
[arxiv]
2016
[47]
Editorial: Models of Reference (; ; and ), Frontiers in Psychology, volume 7, .
@article{van2016editorial,
	Author = {Van Deemter, K and Krahmer, E and Gatt, A and van Gompel, RPG},
	Journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
	Title = {Editorial: Models of Reference},
	Url = {http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01855/full},
	Volume = {7},
	Year = {2016},
	Keywords = {language production, psycholinguistics, cognitive modelling, referring expressions, natural language generation}}
[46]
Viewing time affects overspecification: Evidence for two strategies of attribute selection during reference production (; ; ; and ), In Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci'16), Cognitive Science Society, .
@inproceedings{koolen2016viewing,
	Address = {Austin, TX},
	Author = {Koolen, Ruud and Gatt, Albert and van Gompel, Roger PG and Krahmer, Emiel and van Deemter, Kees},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 38th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci'16)},
	Publisher = {Cognitive Science Society},
	Title = {Viewing time affects overspecification: Evidence for two strategies of attribute selection during reference production},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/cogsci2016-reference-under-load.pdf},
	Year = {2016},
	Keywords = {language production, psycholinguistics, cognitive modelling, referring expressions, overspecification, vision and language}}
[45]
The role of graduality for referring expression generation in visual scenes (; ; and ), Chapter in Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems (Carvalho, JP; Lesot, M-J; Kaymak, U; Vieira, S; Bouchon-Meunier, B; Yager, RR, eds.), Springer-Verlag, .
@incollection{gatt2016role,
	Address = {Berlin and Heidelberg},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert and Mar{\'\i}n, Nicol{\'a}s and Portet, Fran{\c{c}}ois and S{\'a}nchez, Daniel},
	Booktitle = {Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems},
	Editor = {JP Carvalho and M-J Lesot and U Kaymak and S Vieira and B Bouchon-Meunier and RR Yager},
	Organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	Pages = {191--203},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Title = {The role of graduality for referring expression generation in visual scenes},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/ipmu2016_gradable-reg.pdf},
	Year = {2016},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, fuzzy sets}}
[44]
Models of Reference (edited topic in Frontiers in Psychology: Language Sciences), (Deemter, K. van; Krahmer, E.; Gatt, A.; Gompel, RPG van, eds.), .
@book{frontiers-issue2016,
	Editor = {K. van Deemter and E. Krahmer and A. Gatt and RPG van Gompel},
	Title = {Models of Reference (edited topic in Frontiers in Psychology: Language Sciences)},
	Url = {http://journal.frontiersin.org/researchtopic/3555/models-of-reference},
	Eprint = {http://www.frontiersin.org/books/Models_of_Reference/1186},
	Eprinttype = {ebook},
	Year = {2016},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, psycholinguistics, cognitive modelling, natural language generation, language production}}
[ebook]
2014
[43]
Production of Referring Expressions: Models and Empirical Data (Special Issue of: Language, Cognition and Neuroscience), (van Gompel, RPG; Krahmer, E; van Deemter, K; Gatt, A, eds.), volume 29, .
@book{lcn-issue2014,
	Editor = {van Gompel, RPG and Krahmer, E and van Deemter, K and Gatt, A},	
	Number = {8},
	Title = {Production of Referring Expressions: Models and Empirical Data (Special Issue of: Language, Cognition and Neuroscience)},
	Url = {http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/plcp21/29/8},
	Volume = {29},
	Year = {2014},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, psycholinguistics, natural language generation, language production}}
[42]
Models and empirical data for the production of referring expressions (; ; and ), Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, volume 29, .
@article{gatt2014models,
	Author = {Gatt, A and Krahmer, E and van Deemter, K and van Gompel, RPG},
	Journal = {Language, Cognition and Neuroscience},
	Number = {8},
	Pages = {899--911},
	Title = {Models and empirical data for the production of referring expressions},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/lcp2014_intro.pdf},
	Volume = {29},
	Year = {2014},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, language production, cognitive modelling, psycholinguistics}}
[41]
Learning when to point: A data-driven approach. ( and ), In Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING'14), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{gatt2014learning,
	Address = {Dublin, Ireland},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert and Paggio, Patrizia},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Computational Linguistics (COLING'14)},
	Pages = {2007--2017},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {Learning when to point: A data-driven approach.},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/coling2014-pointing.pdf},
	Year = {2014},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, natural language generation, dialogue, gesture}}
2013
[40]
What and where: An empirical investigation of pointing gestures and descriptions in multimodal referring actions ( and ), In Proceedings of the 14th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (ENLG'13), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{gatt2013what,
	Address = {Sofia, Bulgaria},
	Author = {Gatt, A and Paggio, P},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 14th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (ENLG'13)},
	Pages = {82--91},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {What and where: An empirical investigation of pointing gestures and descriptions in multimodal referring actions},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/enlg2013-pointing.pdf},
	Year = {2013},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, natural language generation, dialogue, gesture}}
[39]
Production of referring expressions: Preference trumps discrimination. (; ; and ), In Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci'13), Cognitive Science Societyg, .
@inproceedings{gatt2013production,
	Address = {Austin, TX},
	Author = {Gatt, A and Krahmer, E and van Gompel, RPG and van Deemter, K},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 35th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci'13)},
	Publisher = {Cognitive Science Societyg},
	Title = {Production of referring expressions: Preference trumps discrimination.},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/cogsci2013-disc-power.pdf},
	Year = {2013},
	Keywords = {psycholinguistics, language production, referring expressions, overspecification, vision and language}}
[38]
Are we Bayesian referring expression generators (; ; and ), In Proceedings of the Workshop on Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging the Gap between Computational and Cognitive Approaches to Reference (PRE-CogSci'13)., .
@inproceedings{gatt2013bayesian,
	Address = {Berlin},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert and van Gompel, Roger PG and van Deemter, Kees and Krahmer, Emiel},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging the Gap between Computational and Cognitive Approaches to Reference (PRE-CogSci'13).},
	Title = {Are we Bayesian referring expression generators},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/precogsci13-bayesian.pdf},
	Year = {2013},
	Keywords = {language production, psycholinguistics, cognitive modelling, referring expressions}}
2012
[37]
Toward a computational psycholinguistics of reference production (; ; and ), Topics in cognitive science, volume 4, .
@article{van2012toward,
	Author = {Van Deemter, K and Gatt, A and Van Gompel, RPG and Krahmer, E},
	Journal = {Topics in cognitive science},
	Number = {2},
	Pages = {166--183},
	Title = {Toward a computational psycholinguistics of reference production},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/topics2012-intro.pdf},
	Volume = {4},
	Year = {2012},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, language production, psycholinguistics, referring expressions}}
[36]
Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging the Gap betweeen Computational and Empirical Approaches to Reference (Special Issue of: Topics in Cognitive Science)., (van Deemter, K; Gatt, A; van Gompel, RPG; Krahmer, E, eds.), volume 4, .
@book{topics-issue2012,
	Editor = {van Deemter, K and Gatt, A and van Gompel, RPG and Krahmer, E},
	Journal = {Topics in Cognitive Science},
	Title = {Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging the Gap betweeen Computational and Empirical Approaches to Reference (Special Issue of: Topics in Cognitive Science).},
	Url = {http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tops.2012.4.issue-2/issuetoc},
	Volume = {4},
	Year = {2012},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, psycholinguistics, natural language generation, language production}}
[35]
Does domain size impact speech onset time during reference production? (; ; and ), In Proceedings of the 34th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci'12), Cognitive Science Society, .
@inproceedings{gatt2012domain,
	Address = {Austin, TX},
	Author = {Gatt, A and van Gompel, RPG and Krahmer, E and van Deemter, K},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 34th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci'12)},
	Publisher = {Cognitive Science Society},
	Title = {Does domain size impact speech onset time during reference production?},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/cogsci2012-domain-size.pdf},
	Year = {2012},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, language production, visual search, psycholinguistics}}
[34]
Generation of referring expressions: Assessing the incremental algorithm (; ; and ), Cognitive science, volume 36, .
@article{deemter2012generation,
	Author = {van Deemter, K and Gatt, A and van der Sluis, I and Power, R},
	Journal = {Cognitive science},
	Number = {5},
	Pages = {799--836},
	Title = {Generation of referring expressions: Assessing the incremental algorithm},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/incrementality_final-19-04-2011.pdf},
	Volume = {36},
	Year = {2012},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation}}
[33]
Assessing the Incremental Algorithm: a Response to Krahmer et al. (; ; and ), Cognitive science, volume 36, .
@article{deemter2012assessing,
	Author = {van Deemter, K and Gatt, A and van der Sluis, I and Power, R},
	Journal = {Cognitive science},
	Number = {5},
	Pages = {842--845},
	Title = {Assessing the Incremental Algorithm: a Response to Krahmer et al.},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/incrementality_krahmer-response.pdf},
	Volume = {36},
	Year = {2012},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, natural language generation,evaluation}}
2011
[32]
Factors causing overspecification in definite descriptions (; ; and ), Journal of Pragmatics, volume 43, .
@article{koolen2011factors,
	Author = {Koolen, R and Gatt, A and Goudbeek, M and Krahmer, E},
	Journal = {Journal of Pragmatics},
	Number = {13},
	Pages = {3231--3250},
	Title = {Factors causing overspecification in definite descriptions},
	Url = {https://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/jop2011-dtuna-final.pdf},
	Volume = {43},
	Year = {2011},
	Keywords = {referring expressions, language production, overspecification}}
[31]
Non-deterministic attribute selection in reference production (; ; and ), In Workshop on Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging the gap between empirical, computational and psycholinguistic approaches to reference (PRE-CogSci'11), .
@inproceedings{gatt2011nondeterministic,
	Address = {Boston, MA},
	Author = {Gatt, A and van Gompel, RPG and Krahmer, E and van Deemter, K},
	Booktitle = {Workshop on Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging the gap between empirical, computational and psycholinguistic approaches to reference (PRE-CogSci'11)},
	Pages = {1--7},
	Title = {Non-deterministic attribute selection in reference production},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/precogsci2011.pdf},
	Year = {2011},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, language production, psycholinguistics, cognitive modelling}}
[30]
Attribute preference and priming in reference production: Experimental evidence and computational modeling. (; and ), In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci'11), Cognitive Science Society, .
@inproceedings{gatt2011attribute,
	Address = {Austin, TX},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert and Goudbeek, Martijn and Krahmer, Emiel},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci'11)},
	Publisher = {Cognitive Science Society},
	Title = {Attribute preference and priming in reference production: Experimental evidence and computational modeling.},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/cogsci2011.pdf},
	Year = {2011},
	Keywords = {language production, psycholinguistics, referring expressions}}
2010
[29]
A new computational model of alignment and overspecification in reference (; and ), In Proceedings of the Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing Conference (AMLaP'10), .
@inproceedings{gatt2010new,
	Address = {York, UK},
	Author = {Gatt, A and Goudbeek, M and Krahmer, E},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Architectures and Mechanisms for Language Processing Conference (AMLaP'10)},
	Title = {A new computational model of alignment and overspecification in reference},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/amlap2010-abstract.pdf},
	Year = {2010},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, language production, psycholinguistics}}
[28]
Introducing shared tasks to NLG: the TUNA shared task evaluation challenges ( and ), Chapter in Empirical methods in natural language generation: Data-oriented methods and empirical evaluation (Krahmer, E.; Theune, M., eds.), Springer-Verlag, .
@incollection{gatt2010introducing,
	Address = {Berlin and Heidelberg},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert and Belz, Anja},
	Booktitle = {Empirical methods in natural language generation: Data-oriented methods and empirical evaluation},
	Editor = {E. Krahmer and M. Theune},
	Pages = {264--293},
	Publisher = {Springer-Verlag},
	Title = {Introducing shared tasks to NLG: the TUNA shared task evaluation challenges},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/tunareg-bkchapter.pdf},
	Year = {2010},
	Keywords = {evaluation, natural language generation, referring expressions}}
[27]
Generating referring expressions in context: The GREC task evaluation challenges (; ; and ), Chapter in Empirical methods in natural language generation (Krahmer, E.; Theune, M., eds.), Springer, .
@incollection{belz2010generating,
	Address = {Berlin and Heidelberg},
	Author = {Belz, A and Kow, E and Viethen, J and Gatt, A},
	Booktitle = {Empirical methods in natural language generation},
	Editor = {E. Krahmer and M. Theune},
	Pages = {294--327},
	Publisher = {Springer},
	Title = {Generating referring expressions in context: The GREC task evaluation challenges},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/grec-bkchapter.pdf},
	Year = {2010},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation, anaphora}}
2009
[26]
Beyond DICE: Measuring the quality of a referring expression ( and ), In Proceedings of the Workshop on Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging Computational and Psycholinguistic Approaches (PRE-CogSci'09), .
@inproceedings{van2009beyond,
	Address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands},
	Author = {van Deemter, K and Gatt, A},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging Computational and Psycholinguistic Approaches (PRE-CogSci'09)},
	Title = {Beyond DICE: Measuring the quality of a referring expression},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/pre-Dice.pdf},
	Year = {2009},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation}}
[25]
Need I say more? On factors causing referential overspecification (; ; and ), In Proceedings of the Workshop on Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging Computational and Psycholinguistic Approaches (PRE-CogSci'09), .
@inproceedings{koolen2009need,
	Address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands},
	Author = {Koolen, R and Gatt, A and Goudbeek, M and Krahmer, E},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging Computational and Psycholinguistic Approaches (PRE-CogSci'09)},
	Title = {Need I say more? On factors causing referential overspecification},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/pre-overspec.pdf},
	Year = {2009},
	Keywords = {language production, psycholinguistics, referring expressions}}
[24]
A hearer-oriented evaluation of referring expression generation (; ; ; and ), In Proceedings of the 12th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation, Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{khan2009hearer,
	Address = {Athens. Greece},
	Author = {Khan, IH and van Deemter, K and Ritchie, G and Gatt, A and Cleland, AA},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation},
	Pages = {98--101},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {A hearer-oriented evaluation of referring expression generation},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/enlg2009-hearer-eval.pdf},
	Year = {2009},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation, psycholinguistics}}
[23]
The TUNA-REG Challenge 2009: Overview and evaluation results (; and ), In Proceedings of the 12th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (ENLG'09), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{gatt2009tuna,
	Address = {Athens, Greece},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert and Belz, Anja and Kow, Eric},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (ENLG'09)},
	Pages = {174--182},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {The TUNA-REG Challenge 2009: Overview and evaluation results},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/enlg2009-tunareg.pdf},
	Year = {2009},
	Keywords = {evaluation, referring expressions, natural language generation}}
[22]
Generating plural NPs in discourse: Evidence from the GNOME corpus ( and ), In Proceedings of the Workshop on Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging Computational and Psycholinguistic Approaches (PRE-CogSci-09), .
@inproceedings{gatt2009generating,
	Address = {Amsterdam, The Netherlands},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert and van Deemter, Kees},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Production of Referring Expressions: Bridging Computational and Psycholinguistic Approaches (PRE-CogSci-09)},
	Title = {Generating plural NPs in discourse: Evidence from the GNOME corpus},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/pre-pluralAnaphora.pdf},
	Year = {2009},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, anaphora, plurals}}
[21]
The GREC main subject reference generation challenge 2009: overview and evaluation results (; ; and ), In Proceedings of the 2009 Workshop on Language Generation and Summarisation (UCNLG+Sum'09), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{belz2009grec,
	Address = {Suntex, Singapore},
	Author = {Belz, Anja and Kow, Eric and Viethen, Jette and Gatt, Albert},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2009 Workshop on Language Generation and Summarisation (UCNLG+Sum'09)},
	Pages = {79--87},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {The GREC main subject reference generation challenge 2009: overview and evaluation results},
	Url = {https://aclweb.org/anthology/W/W09/W09-2816.pdf},
	Year = {2009},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, anaphora}}
2008
[20]
Towards a balanced corpus of multimodal referring expressions in dialogue (; ; and ), In Proceedings of the AISB 2008 Convention Communication, Interaction and Social Intelligence, AISB, .
@inproceedings{van2008towards,
	Address = {Aberdeen, UK},
	Author = {van der Sluis, I and Piwek, P and Gatt, A and Bangerter, A},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the AISB 2008 Convention Communication, Interaction and Social Intelligence},
	Publisher = {AISB},
	Title = {Towards a balanced corpus of multimodal referring expressions in dialogue},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/mog2008-pointing.pdf},
	Year = {2008},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, dialogue, evaluation, language resources}}
[19]
Multimodal Reference in Dialogue: Towards a Balanced Corpus (; ; and ), In Proceedings of the 12th workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue (LONDIAL'08), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{piwek2008multimodal,
	Address = {London, UK},
	Author = {Piwek, P and Gatt, A and van der Sluis, I and Bangerter, A},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th workshop on the Semantics and Pragmatics of Dialogue (LONDIAL'08)},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {Multimodal Reference in Dialogue: Towards a Balanced Corpus},
	Url = {https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/faab/5d2f898d55d173587640bce37185b0c743ba.pdf},
	Year = {2008},
	Keywords = {language resources, referring expressions, natural language generation, gesture}}
[18]
Xml format guidelines for the tuna corpus (; and ), Technical report, Technical report, Dept of Computing Science, University of Aberdeen, .
@techreport{gatt2008xml,
	Author = {Gatt, A and van der Sluis, I and van Deemter, K},
	Institution = {Technical report, Dept of Computing Science, University of Aberdeen},
	Title = {Xml format guidelines for the tuna corpus},
	Url = {http://www.csd.abdn.ac.uk/~ agatt/home/pubs/tunaFormat.pdf},
	Year = {2008},
	Keywords = {language resources, evaluation, referring expressions, natural language generation}}
[17]
The TUNA Challenge 2008: Overview and evaluation results (; and ), In Proceedings of the 5th International Natural Language Generation Conference (INLG'08), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{gatt2008tuna,
	Address = {Columbus, OH},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert and Belz, Anja and Kow, Eric},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th International Natural Language Generation Conference (INLG'08)},
	Pages = {198--206},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {The TUNA Challenge 2008: Overview and evaluation results},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/reg-tuna-report.pdf},
	Year = {2008},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation}}
[16]
Attribute selection for referring expression generation: New algorithms and evaluation methods ( and ), In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Natural Language Generation (INLG'08), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{gatt2008attribute,
	Address = {Columbus, OH},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert and Belz, Anja},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Natural Language Generation (INLG'08)},
	Pages = {50--58},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {Attribute selection for referring expression generation: New algorithms and evaluation methods},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/inlg08-asgre.pdf},
	Year = {2008},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation}}
[15]
Intrinsic vs. extrinsic evaluation measures for referring expression generation ( and ), In Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL'08), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{belz2008intrinsic,
	Address = {Columbus, OH},
	Author = {Belz, Anja and Gatt, Albert},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL'08)},
	Pages = {197--200},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {Intrinsic vs. extrinsic evaluation measures for referring expression generation},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/acl08-eval.pdf},
	Year = {2008},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation}}
2007
[14]
Evaluating algorithms for the generation of referring expressions: Going beyond toy domains (; and ), In Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing (RANLP'07), RANLP, .
@inproceedings{van2007evaluating,
	Address = {Borovets, Bulgaria},
	Author = {Van der Sluis, Ielka and Gatt, Albert and Van Deemter, Kees},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing (RANLP'07)},
	Publisher = {RANLP},
	Title = {Evaluating algorithms for the generation of referring expressions: Going beyond toy domains},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/ranlp2007.pdf},
	Year = {2007},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation}}
[13]
Content determination in GRE: Evaluating the evaluator ( and ), In Proceedings of the 2nd UCNLG Workshop: Language Generation and Machine Translation, Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{van2007content,
	Address = {Copenhagen, Denmark},
	Author = {van Deemter, Kees and Gatt, Albert},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd UCNLG Workshop: Language Generation and Machine Translation},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {Content determination in GRE: Evaluating the evaluator},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/diceEvaluation_final.pdf},
	Year = {2007},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation}}
[12]
Lexical choice and conceptual perspective in the generation of plural referring expressions ( and ), Journal of Logic, Language and Information, volume 16, .
@article{gatt2007lexical,
	Author = {Gatt, A and van Deemter, K},
	Journal = {Journal of Logic, Language and Information},
	Number = {4},
	Pages = {423--443},
	Title = {Lexical choice and conceptual perspective in the generation of plural referring expressions},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/jolli2007.pdf},
	Volume = {16},
	Year = {2007},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, plurals}}
[11]
Incremental Generation of Plural Descriptions: Similarity and Partitioning. ( and ), In Proceedings of the 2007 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-CoNLL'07), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{gatt2007incremental,
	Address = {Prague, Czech Republic},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert and van Deemter, Kees},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2007 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-CoNLL'07)},
	Pages = {102--111},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {Incremental Generation of Plural Descriptions: Similarity and Partitioning.},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/emnlp2007.pdf},
	Year = {2007},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions}}
[10]
Generating coherent references to multiple entities (), PhD thesis, University of Aberdeen, .
@phdthesis{gatt2007generating,
	Address = {Aberdeen, UK},
	Author = {Gatt, A},
	School = {University of Aberdeen},
	Title = {Generating coherent references to multiple entities},
	Type = {PhD},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/thesis.pdf},
	Year = {2007},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, plurals}}
[9]
Evaluating algorithms for the generation of referring expressions using a balanced corpus (; and ), In Proceedings of the 11th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (ENLG'07), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{gatt2007evaluating,
	Address = {Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany},
	Author = {Gatt, A and van der Sluis, I and vann Deemter, K},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th European Workshop on Natural Language Generation (ENLG'07)},
	Pages = {49--56},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {Evaluating algorithms for the generation of referring expressions using a balanced corpus},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/enlg2007.pdf},
	Year = {2007},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation}}
[8]
Corpus-based evaluation of Referring Expressions Generation (; and ), In Proceedings of the Workshop on Shared Tasks and Comparative Evaluation in NLG, .
@inproceedings{gatt2007corpus,
	Address = {Arlington, VA},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert and Van Der Sluis, Ielka and Van Deemter, Kees},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Workshop on Shared Tasks and Comparative Evaluation in NLG},
	Title = {Corpus-based evaluation of Referring Expressions Generation},
	Url = {http://www.ling.ohio-state.edu/nlgeval07/papers/Gatt-vanderSluis-vanDeemter.pdf},
	Year = {2007},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation}}
[7]
The attribute selection for GRE challenge: Overview and evaluation results ( and ), In Proceedings of UCNLG+MT: Language Generation and Machine Translation, Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{belz2007attribute,
	Address = {Copenhagen, Denmark},
	Author = {Belz, Anja and Gatt, Albert},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of UCNLG+MT: Language Generation and Machine Translation},
	Pages = {75--83},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {The attribute selection for GRE challenge: Overview and evaluation results},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/asgre2007.pdf},
	Year = {2007},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation}}
2006
[6]
Manual for the TUNA corpus: Referring expressions in two domains (; and ), Technical report AUCS/TR0705, Department of Computing Science, Univ. of Aberdeen, .
@techreport{van2006manual,
	Author = {van der Sluis, I and Gatt, A and van Deemter, K},
	Institution = {Department of Computing Science, Univ. of Aberdeen},
	Number = {AUCS/TR0705},
	Title = {Manual for the TUNA corpus: Referring expressions in two domains},
	Type = {Technical Report},
	Year = {2006},
	Url={http://homepages.abdn.ac.uk/k.vdeemter/pages/TunaCorpusManual/index.html},
	Keywords = {language resources, natural language generation, referring expressions}}
[5]
Building a semantically transparent corpus for the generation of referring expressions (; and ), In Proceedings of the 4th International Natural Language Generation Conference (INLG'06), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{van2006building,
	Address = {Sydney, Australia},
	Author = {van Deemter, K and van der Sluis, I and Gatt, A},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th International Natural Language Generation Conference (INLG'06)},
	Pages = {130--132},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {Building a semantically transparent corpus for the generation of referring expressions},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/semTransCorpus-INLG06.pdf},
	Year = {2006},
	Keywords = {language resources, natural language generation, referring expressions, evaluation}}
[4]
Structuring Knowledge for Reference Generation: A Clustering Algorithm. (), In Proceedings of the 11th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL'06), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{gatt2006structuring,
	Address = {Trento, Italy},
	Author = {Gatt, A},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (EACL'06)},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {Structuring Knowledge for Reference Generation: A Clustering Algorithm.},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/gattEACL06.pdf},
	Year = {2006},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions}}
[3]
Generating collective spatial references (), In Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci'06), Cognitive Science Society, .
@inproceedings{gatt2006generating,
	Address = {Austin, TX},
	Author = {Gatt, Albert},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 28th Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society (CogSci'06)},
	Publisher = {Cognitive Science Society},
	Title = {Generating collective spatial references},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/collectives-cogsci2006.pdf},
	Year = {2006},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, spatial relations, psycholinguistics}}
[2]
Conceptual coherence in the generation of referring expressions ( and ), In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL'06), Association for Computational Linguistics, .
@inproceedings{gatt2006conceptual,
	Address = {Sydney, Australia},
	Author = {Gatt, A and van Deemter, K},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL'06)},
	Pages = {255--262},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {Conceptual coherence in the generation of referring expressions},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/gensim-acl2006.pdf},
	Year = {2006},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions, plurals}}
2005
[1]
Semantic similarity and the generation of referring expressions: A first report ( and ), In Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Computational Semantics (IWCS'05), Association for Computational Linguistics, volume 6, .
@inproceedings{gatt2005semantic,
	Address = {Tilburg, NL},
	Author = {Gatt, A and van Deemter, K},
	Booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th International Workshop on Computational Semantics (IWCS'05)},
	Publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
	Title = {Semantic similarity and the generation of referring expressions: A first report},
	Url = {http://staff.um.edu.mt/albert.gatt/pubs/iwcs6.pdf},
	Volume = {6},
	Year = {2005},
	Keywords = {natural language generation, referring expressions}}